How and why did USA become involved in the Vietnam War Essay Example for Free

How and why did USA become involved in the Vietnam War Essay In march 12, 1947 with the truman doctrine and the newly introduced policy of containment usa decided to award itself with status of policeman of the world giving themselves a permission to intervene anywhere in the world when they consider it is neccessary. This was the policy that allowed them to interpose in vietnam. Vietnamese people under the leadership of ho chi mihn, founder of viet minh defeated french at diem bien phu who had controll over whole indochina (thailand, vietnam, combodia, laos). Although usa was sending aid to french they didnt help much because president eisenhower has just been elected to end the korean war therefore he didnt want to involve usa in another conflict. However after french defeat and the devision of vietnam into north which was communist and south usa started to realize the danger of communism spreading into asia and saw vietnam as a puppet in hands of ussr and china. in convinction that responsibility for the domino effect will be theirs if they wont do anything. n 1954 usa prevented the re-uniting free elections from taking place, foreboding uniting vietnam under communist goverment. this time they showed their resilient attitude, considering their disapproval with ussr, not holding free elections in their sattelites. nevertheless there were no elections and usa picked up anti-communist diem to become a president of south vietnam. This decision led to many protest especially from buddhist monks since diem was ignorat to their religion and culture, he himself being christian. uring his reign he forbade any elections and set members of his family into important positions. his corruption and way of controling south vietnam was the reason for more and more people joining the national front for the liberation of south vietnam, the viet cong. although usa didnt agree with his governance after his murder they continued to support his equally corrupt successor. Meantime, in usa after kennedys assasination new president was elected with completely different attitude. b johnson seemed more considered about vietnam and sent more and more military personel, the so called advisors to vietnam. During his leadership he achieved the tonkin gulf resolution under suspicious coincidences of the tonkin gulf incident, giving him ultimate power to launch immediate attack or start war without the need of consulting the idea with senate or advisors. lbj was the most involved president in vietnam war and he started the open war with vietnam. When advisors were not enough and the infiltration of north vietnamese in south vietnam became with increasing number of attacs intorelable problem, in march 1965 lbj decided to launch the operation rolling thunder, bombing of the North Vietnam and Ho Chi Minhs trail which was the major mean of supplying south vietnam by Viet Cong. within a short time usa realized that this tactics is not appropriate but they were in convinction that easing would signal their weakness. n addition this operation lasted for eight years where high explosives, herbicides to destroy the jungle and defoliant agent orange were used and more bombs were dropped on vietnam than on germany by all the allies during the second world war. despite the growing objections johnson launched full-scale war with the first conventional warfare in ia drang valley which both sides considered as victory. Although americans inflicted greater losses than they have suffered (a:300 v:2000), vietnamese held their positions. This way the war continued for number of years marked with unsuccessful negotiations with main problem of diplomacy frequently undermined by military activity at a critical moment. In 1967 in south Vietnam were held the free elections but without any communist party. Thieu was elected with a low vote but finally usa could say they are defending democratically elected goverment. in following years after the failure of previous operations, operations search and destroy was introduced which main aims were defending us bases, launching search and destroy missions. Another operation, an attempt to win the hearts and minds of the peasant was also complete failure, highlighting the main American problem misapprehension of the culture of Vietnamese people. The Vietnam war being the first televised war hugely influenced it and seeing the happenings in vietnam many student protests took place in usa, especially after the Mai Lay massacre which shocked people being the evidence that something in this war has gone wrong. n 1967 increase of bombing by more than 50%, generals still requsting more men and viet cong still holding their positions even advancing (the tet offesnive 1968) and more than 3 000 000 casualities made johnson slowly realize that this war he will not win. In 1968 johnson after many absurd years of fighting informed public that usa will halt bombing, awaiting peace talks. the president has given up ending this terrible mistake and resignated, Vietnam finally became free, united and communist.

Social Exclusion in Social Work

Social Exclusion in Social Work This aim of this essay is to discuss the role of the social worker in addressing social exclusion and discrimination and the impact that such issues have on individuals, groups and communities. I am also going to demonstrate my understanding of anti-oppressive practice and ethical issues that social workers face, particularly in the Welsh context. Accordingly, ever since the late 1980s there has been a rising understanding of the effect of oppression and discrimination on individuals, groups and communities (Thompson, 1997). More recently, anti-discriminatory practice has surfaced as a main focal point underpinning social work policy, theory and practice (Pierson, 2002). Hence, with the aim of carrying out their role constructively, social workers should develop and uphold an awareness of why anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice standpoints are vital and the approach that they can take when dealing with discrimination, oppression and social exclusion. Wales, like other na tions, is merely an example of a multi-cultural society with various dissimilar aspects of diversity and personal experiences. Thus, gender, class, language, age, ethnic group, together with other social factors, collectively have an effect on a persons social identity, experience, and awareness of the world that they inhabit (Williams, 2007). With this in mind, discussing the effects of discrimination and social exclusion, and tackling matters of oppression, may provoke numerous difficulties for social work practitioners. Nevertheless, valuable practice tools have been developed so as to challenge inequalities and endorse social inclusion (Thompson 1997; Pierson 2002). Accordingly, it can be said that impartiality is fundamental to social equality. In this regard, persons and groups must believe that they are able to partake wholly in the community and be thought of as equal members. In situations where this is not the reality, individuals could be subjected to isolation, detachment, disadvantage and prejudice. In particular instances, this could cause generations of individuals living on the margins of society. Thus, the ideas of social exclusion and discrimination are very much in parallel. Societies lacking in equality where specific individuals or groups are discriminated against can cause exclusion. Similarly, social exclusion promotes inequality and discrimination (www.socialexclusion.gov.uk). The Social Exclusion Unit delineated social exclusion as what can occur when individuals, groups or communities experience a combination of concurrent difficulties such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime environments, ba d health and family breakdown (www.socialexclusion.gov.uk). Likewise, discrimination emerges when a person or group is treated unfavourably, when compared with others in similar circumstances, because of their age, sexual orientation, disability, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, or gender. (Adams, Dominelli and Payne, 1998). Accordingly, it can be said that socially excluded individuals or groups are incapable of playing a full part in the community due to an array of difficulties they are confronted with, such as unemployment, lack of skills, ill-health or inequality. Frequently, specific individuals or groups are more likely to encounter these difficulties. As an example, individuals that suffer from a disability or mental ill health come across apprehension and intolerance from other persons, often derived from erroneous beliefs about such conditions. Such stigma could not only intensify individual distress but could also inhibit the person from seeking necessary assi stance. Hence, such social exclusion and discrimination could obstruct access to services and resources such as housing, employment, parental rights, immigration, health care and access to justice (Sayce, 1998). These individuals or groups that are excluded from society have to conquer these obstacles to opportunities that other members of the community enjoy. It has been documented that Wales possesses some of the most disadvantaged communities throughout Europe (Williams, 2004). Moreover, the Assembly Government refers to regions of marked deprivation exemplified by dependence on benefits and a necessity for employment opportunities (National Assembly for Wales, 2009). In addition to inadequately salaried or lack of work, poor skills have also been noted as a vital cause of unemployment, economic inactivity and poverty for individuals, and in 2001, 20% of adults of working age in Wales had no qualifications (National Assembly for Wales, 2009). For 2008, the young adult (16-24) une mployment rates was 16%. Consequently, almost half of the individuals in Wales without work are under 25 (www.jrt.org.uk). Such lack of prospects underpins the probability of some individuals or groups being incapable of fully integrating into the community. Thus, those socially excluded can experience feelings of stress, poor health and isolation due to low living standards and limited access to services (National Assembly for Wales, 2009). Other members of society can encounter greater degrees of anxiety and reduced mobility due to reduced social unity and augmented concern for criminal activity (Pierson, 2002). Accordingly, the social worker has the crucial responsibility of making the quality of existence better for individuals, groups and communities and challenging the triggers of social exclusion and discrimination. Hence the role and task of the social worker is complex. The role ranges across empowerment, counselling, advocacy, partnership, needs assessment, care management and social control (Scourfield, Holland and Young, 2008). Social work practitioners should be dedicated to human rights and equality and strive to encourage and support individuals, groups and communities that experience the damaging consequences of social injustice. Thus, the social work profession promotes social change, problem-solving in human relationships, and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Utilising theories of human behaviour and social systems, social work intervenes at points where people interact with their environments. Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work (www.ifsw.org.uk). This indicates that social workers have a duty to confront discriminatory attitudes towards persons due to capability, age, ethnicity, gender, class, marital position, political beliefs, racial or other physical characteristics, or sexuality (www.ifsw.org.uk). Within their role, social workers should have a duty to work towards an inclusive society by confronting circumstances that promote social exclusion, oppression and/or hardship. Hence, Pierson (2002) has documented five extensive building blocks for social workers to employ in practice to effectively work with socially excluded individuals, groups and communities and ultimately promote social inclusion. The first building block encompasses the significance of concentrating on income and for the social worker to have a full understanding of the benefits system overall (Pierson, 2002: 42-47). The second building block encompasses the part played by networks jointly as a basis of reliable collective support for individuals, groups and communities and as a practical means for social workers (Pierson, 2002: 47-51). The third building block encompasses partnerships between citizens, groups, volunt ary, private and religious organisations and statutory services where holistic, coherent action can be carried out on the ground (Pierson, 2002: 51-56). The fourth building block encompasses several advantages in developing elevated levels of service user and neighbourhood participation in the community. For example, legislation such as the Children Act 1989, the NHS and Community Care Act of 1990 and the Disabled Persons Representation Act in 1996, required local authorities to consult closely with users when they undertake assessments and devise care plans, and in the follow-up reviews of how those plans are actually unfolding (Pierson 2002: 57). Also, proposals by Government, for example Quality Protects, New Deal for Communities and the Best Value framework necessitate citizen involvement (Pierson, 2002:57). Finally, the fifth building block encompasses the importance of the whole community and assisting resident ability through neighbourhood improvements. For example, involveme nt in community activities, childcare, looking after neighbours, credit unions and neighbourhood watch (Pierson 2002: 65). Moreover, in executing their role, social workers habitually face ethical issues when discovering challenging principles and obligations (Mattison, 2000). Hence, the principles or ethics of independence may be at variance with not only a responsibility of care, but also between the wellbeing for the person and the wellbeing of other members of society (Mattison, 2000). For this reason, it is crucial for social workers to carefully consider their own principles and practice. This is fundamental because even though frameworks like the professional code of ethics are made available to offer practical assistance, to a degree, using ones own discretion when making decisions is unavoidable (Mattison, 2000). Social workers must also confront ethical issues regarding confidentiality. Hence, social workers often make judgements as to whether it is deemed necessary to reveal confidential information to outside organisations without the individuals permission so as to protect society or comply with legal judgements or legislation. A further ethical issue is professional paternalism or beneficence, which means that social workers may have to make judgements about whether to place restrictions on individuals that engage in self-harming conduct, for example substance misuse or rejecting certain services (Clark, 1998). Moreover, it seems crucial to use an anti-oppressive approach when dealing with ethical issues. Hence, various fundamental principles underpinning anti-oppressive practice in Wales have been documented by Elaine Davies (1994). These include the following:Â   a service user has the right to decide which language to use with the Social Worker; individuals are able to communicate more effectively and contentedly in their preferred language; high-quality practice means offering service users an actual choice over language use; an all-embracing service of excellence in Wales means a bilingual service; and refusing this right is a way of oppressing an individual (Da vies, 1994: 60). In addition, particular sections of the Children Act 1989 place an obligation on agencies to take a childs language into consideration when assessing and providing services (Davies, 1994). The characteristics of the Act are influential with importance placed on partnership and consultation. Thus, it is stated that it is unfeasible to converse productively without using the preferred language of the child and family and their racial, cultural, religious and linguistic background must be taken into account (Davies, 1994). Moreover, Article 30 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 is comparable to the Children Act and declares that children who are members of an ethnic, religious or linguistic minority must not be deprived of the right to enjoy their culture, practice their religion, or use their language (cited in Welsh Assembly Government, 2004: 68). Therefore, every individual that converses in Welsh should be able to decide which language to use. Also, offering language choice provides the service user with appropriate power and an effective ability to speak. Effective social work practice also means undertaking assessments and providing services in the service users preferred language. Moreover, language appropriate provision should be considered under the scope of equal opportunities in the main, with the Welsh Language Act 1993 being a close comparative to other forms of legislation that advocate equality, such as, the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Human Rights Act 2000 (Scourfield, Holland and Young, 2008 ). Thus, it has been documented that language is not only a mode of communication; it is also a system by which an individual assembles their identity and their understanding of the world (Williams, 2007). Accordingly, social workers must strive to identify and respect diversity and to challenge inequalities and hardship (cited in Welsh Assembly Government, 2004: 14). To conclude, social work has the capacity to transform an individuals existence for the better due to the breadth of the role and the variety of its resources. Considerable improvements have been made by altering the way in which services are made available in Welsh communities. For example, social services in local government strive to safeguard adults who are vulnerable or at risk, promote social inclusion and support persons to live independently where this is possible (Williams, 2007). A consequence of the All-Wales Strategy for Older People was the creation of the National Service Framework for Older People in Wales and the establishment of the position of Commissioner for Older People to counteract discrimination and oppression and eventually to promote opportunities (Williams, 2007). Such standards of practice have been intensified through the Care Council for Wales and the Care and Social Services inspectorate for Wales (Scourfield et al, 2008). Additionally, the unique role enables social work practitioners to diverge from more formal practice and have contact with individuals and groups in their own homes or communities, in order to work in partnership rather than enforce solutions to difficulties (Pierson, 2002). Hence, it has been disputed that a unique quality of social work is found in the close attention it pays to individuals own understanding of their situation and to the informal processes by which client or user and social worker broker a solution (Jordan, 1987 cited in Pierson, 2002: XV). This distinctive practice approach presents numerous opportunities for social workers to address discrimination and exclusion, and ultimately promote equality and the inclusion of individuals and groups in society (Pierson, 2002). Bibliography Adams, R. , Dominelli, L. and Payne, M. (1998) Social Work: Themes, Issues and Critical Debates (Palgrave). Care Council for Wales Code of Practice (available online at http://www.ccwales.org.uk). Clark, C. (1998) Self-determination and Paternalism in Community Care: Practice and Prospects, British Journal of Social Work, 28, pp. 387-402. Davies, E. (1994) They all Speak Welsh Anyway: Yr iaith Gymraeg ac ymarfer gwrth-orthrymol; the Welsh Language and Anti-oppressive Practice (Caerdydd: CCETSW). Jordan, B. (1987) Rethinking Welfare (Oxford: Blackwell), cited in Pierson, J. (2002) Tackling Social Exclusion (Routledge). Joseph Rountree Foundation (2009) Monitoring poverty and social exclusion in Wales (available online at http://www.jrf.org.uk). International Federation of Social Workers (available online at http://www.ifsw.org.uk). Mattison, M. (2000) Ethical Decision Making: The Person in the Process, Social Work Vol.45 (3), pp.201-212. National Assembly for Wales 2009 Third Annual Report on Social Exclusion in Wales. Cardiff: National Assembly for Wales. Pierson, J. (2002) Tackling Social Exclusion (Routledge). Sayce, L. , (1998) From Psychiatric Patient to Citizen (Basingstoke: Macmillan). Scourfield, J. , Holland, S. and Young, C. (2008) Social Work in Wales Since Democratic Devolution, Australian Social Work, 61, pp. 42-56. Social Exclusion Unit (available online at http://www.social exclusion.gov.uk). Thompson, N. (1997) Anti-Discriminatory Practice (Macmillan Press LTD). Welsh Assembly Government (2004) Children and Young People: Rights to Action (available online at http://www.assemblywales.org). Welsh Assembly Government (2007) A Strategy for Social Services in Wales over the next Decade: Fulfilled Lives, Supportive Communities (available online at http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/documents/829/WAG). Williams, C. , (2004) Access to Justice and Social Inclusion: The Policy Changes in Wales, Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 26(1) pp. 53-68. Williams, C. (2007) Social Policy for Social Welfare Practice in a Devolved Wales (Venture Press).

The Laws Effect on Population

The Laws Effect on Population Abstract Society revels in the idea of a free and safe world. Humans are a sinful species that have made precautions in order to protect themselves and others. These laws and regulations have psychological effects on those who abide and live in their presence. Some people go mad. Others are able to live in harmony with these boundaries on freedom. Laws have shown to be troublesome in some cases. One case in particular is World War II. Joseph Stalin was a very powerful leader of communist Russia. He was merciless and took complete advantage over the boundless role he played as leader. Some laws have always been in existence. Scientists known world-wide have expressed these laws to all of society, showing that we are all bound to some sort of lawful agreement. You cannot fight nature. You must be in sync with existence and freedom. For life is only as good as you allow it to be. Keywords: laws, evil, power, society, Lord of the Flies The characteristics of man create killers, lovers, and believers, but what is it that molds us into the figure we grow up to be? Living in a world of complete freedom has dangerous undertones. The fear for life and safety forces man to act sinister. Malignancy is only another part of life. William Golding’s Lord of the Flies characterizes how man has an undercurrent of evil subsided by the laws and rules that control society. Laws, however good they may be, can also cause an uprising in an individual or a population. Order; being a primary concern, can also become over stimulated and lead to a rebellion. In some cases laws can even act as a restriction toward the advancement of justice. In William Goldings Lord of the Flies the introduction of rules sparked the competitiveness of being in power. Quickly, the boys primal urges transcended. They fought for power, leadership, and safety. I ought to be chief, said Jack with simple arrogance, because Im chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp.(Golding 129) Disregarding what is truly important, escape, their old lives become transparent in their thoughts. Any rules that were set in place were sacrificed. Their evolution into savagery was relentless. This outlook shows that without proper enforcement, the boys did not have enough authority to prevent their descent into darkness. Society is, and always has been evil. The only thing that separates us from the beasts of the wild is our intelligence and our innate ability to adapt. Man must be taught to conform to man’s idea of a good society. From first breath, man’s desire to only fulfill his own needs is greater than that of any other. The thought of satisfying another’s needs or wants are light years away. Only with remedial adjustment can we stretch that light closer. The goodness in one’s heart is shrouded with self-promotion and selfishness. Effort must be made in order for one to become good of heart. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy is forever increasing in our universe. Entropy is the end and the beginning. No matter what actions take place in the middle, we have started out and will end in a world of evil and disaster. Even before religion came into existence, man had to follow the laws of nature, the laws of physics. Nowhere in time is there a place where rules didnt exist. Never has any being had perfect freedom. The pencil you drop the rotation of the planets around the sun, and the force that keeps you down to earth. Everything is bound by laws. â€Å"Laws are necessary because they keep order, tranquility and justice in the world. If you look at back at many philosophers of the Enlightenment period, you would find that they all believed in the potential purity of action; however they also believed in the potential evil in ones actions.†(Association Awards 3) Sometimes it just takes time to realize our boundaries. Isaac newton was a scientist that discovered many principles that are still used today in modern physics. His mind has created an influence that has stretched past generations and beyond. He spent the majority of his life dedicated to science. If I have done the public any serv ice, it is due to my patient thought. (Principia 1) This quote from Sir Isaac Newton lends the thought that a forbearing life can result in a well-spent life. If something is of importance then it is worth waiting for. Being held back by restrictions may seem bothersome at times, but could prove to have been the influence necessary for a huge breakthrough. Man has made many attempts in correcting and metamorphosing individuals into something acceptable by peers. Laws, rules, and restrictions have molded modern day society into something that goes against human nature. â€Å"The law is a set of rules for society, designed to protect basic rights and freedoms, and to treat everyone fairly.† (Effect on Germans 3) These important contributions to man have held society together as great nations for many generations. However, society may not be psychologically stable due to its obligation for beneficial contradictions. These unhealthy expectations can lead to rebellion, madness, and even a world once again filled with cruelty. Freedom paired with safety and fun is an example of an illogical aspiration. More than anything else, humans need to feel safe from harm. While order is an essential aspect for the well-being of people it is not enough. Longevity is a direct result from order. When there are laws that keep things in line, we ten d to live longer, live safer, and without fear. Some say that the government enforces laws so that they have the power to oversee everything. â€Å"Almost everything we do is governed by some set of rules†. (Britannica 17) Surveillance is a common method of ensuring protection; however, it has not proven to be the most effective form of security. It is easily bypassed by even the simplest of methods. People will develop ways to sidestep boundaries. Government has shown to be a tourniquet on freedom. In the United States, we have laws left and right. We are not always happy about these rules, since they often tell us what we can and cannot do or are keeping us from doing what we want. In order to live civilly one must create a mutualistic relationship with the law. The majority of population is kept under control through means of silent threats. Laws are a constant reminder that if you do not do what is wanted then you will be punished. Whether these laws are for the well-being for the people or if they are for the well-bein g of the government is irrelevant. Their purpose is the same. To control an entire mass of people peacefully is irrational. Gandhi was a man of peace. Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or â€Å"the great- souled one.†(19) Much of his life was focused on ending the struggles in his home country India. His ascetic lifestyle was an inspiration to millions under government control. During World War I he became an influential part of India’s fight for independency. His dedicated eloquence toward his practical and religious lifestyle earned him reverence among those who followed him. Gandhi proved that power is only relative to the eyes of receiver. His beliefs on power strained from his beliefs of peace and mercifulness. Even after his imprisonment he continued to act as an influential part of the war. When he was released into the public he started a new civil d isobedience campaign against the government taxing, which helped improve the life of India’s poorest citizens. People living in a law-bound society are morally bound by the beliefs their ancestors and peers have brought forth into existence. Theists are primarily responsible for the foundation of civilization today. Customs forged from deities, false or true, have sculpted the customs followed today. The Bible is responsible for most of the laws in the United Sates. Our constitution was crafted from the teachings the bible. Religion governs most lives no matter their beliefs. Calling yourself an atheist will not change the fact that you have to abide by the laws created by people that believed in figments. It is taught that this life you live is only a training ground to see if you are truly worthy to grant your eyes the blessing of god. If you fail to comply with the rules that he has set in place then the rest of your existence will be spent in eternal damnation. Scared for what may truly exist, many people decide they would be better off to just comply than to risk putting something they d ont understand at risk. Since the beginning of all human understanding we have been forced to follow some guidelines. Despite laws being proven to get in the way of some advancement, laws can also show to be very beneficial. â€Å"Regulation creates limits, constrains a right, creates or limits a duty, or allocates a responsibility†. (Deddington 21) Laws are the number one reason why millions of lives are spared a day. Government has cast a strong shadow of awareness of what will happen if you act inappropriately. The aggressiveness that follows safety is a by-product of concern and care. As long as you act within the law, then you will be fine. The law is there for protection. If you accept it, then it will accept you. However, law has a made strong point that if you do not choose to live under these rules then you may not live at all. Communist Russia held a stronghold of customs that may have seemed insane to alien countries. They were not allowed nearly as much freedom as federal governments. Russians were paid based on their skills and needs. The amount of greed they lusted for was much lower than that of any neighboring country. They lived by a simple creed. Live hard and work hard. Russia was a communist country for over 80 years. It had a thriving economy with content citizens that populated it border to border. Joseph Stalin reined leader from 1924 to 1953. His influence on the world was a primary reason for the abandonment and rebellion against communism in Russia. He was responsible for the holocaust of millions of Ukraine’s that is largely forgotten. He organized 10 million farmers to fund a communist collective farm. When they denied, he commanded troops to kill them. When bullets proved to be too expensive he simply removed all sources of food and starved them all to death. Stalin’s death count was much higher than that of Hitler. He was more ruthless and had little morals. His actions were spontaneous and without reason. Stalin possessed an exceptional amount of power with no restriction as to what he was allowed to do. â€Å"There is no good and evil, there is only power and those too weak to seek it.†(Rowling 143) This flood of wrong doing created massive alert world-wide. World empires teamed up in order to take Stalin down. The idea of evil is based on perspective. Over time society has become less reliant on force and more drawn toward peace. For nearly one hundred years slavery was thriving in America. A strict decree of prejudicial etiquette was formed in order to keep control over African Americans. Slavery was largely uncontested until the late 1800’s. Abraham Lincoln was a powerful man that despite feeling more powerful than minorities, he still felt there was no justification for the burden of the white man’s problems being forced unto slaves. In his eyes they were now a part of the United States and deserved freedom. He continued with his cause knowing that the government would not be able to act forcefully against his cause. â€Å"For in reason, all government without the consent of the governed is the very definition of slavery.†(Thinkexist 2) With no freedoms or rights, the black community held no ground and could in no way act against the government in a safe manner. Lif e was grueling and unrewarding. The scraps they were fed could only be flavored by the salt from their tears. Black children were unknowingly born into an unrelenting society. â€Å"I didnt know I was a slave until I found out I couldnt do the things I wanted†(1) The government had complete control. Superfluous power deteriorated the foundation that America had built one for the last century. Their supremacy turned out to be their own downfall. Within a year Abraham Lincoln was able to abolish slavery through acts centered on pacifism. His campaign for presidency was also centered on the freedom of the nation and fairness of the governed. Laws only have as much power as we are willing to give them. Much like an animal that makes itself seem bigger to scare its prey, the government pursues a persona of complete control until retaliation occurs. Every action we commit further increases entropy. We live in a small world and are only allowed a limited number of mistakes before we become consumed with sin. Committing to others may be the only way for true bliss to be achieved. Allowing laws to run your life may be your only salvation, your only way of functioning in modern day society. Having a solid foundation, comforting surroundings, and a safe life. These are the primary concerns that are addressed by law. Law, despite being the abstract webbing that holds lives together, is not unbeatable. Humans have shown time and time again to overcome boundaries and morph them into something they favor. Works Cited Association Awards. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. The Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Lord of the Flies (novel by Golding). Encyclopedia Britannica  Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Sept. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014 Effect_on_Germans. Effect_on_Germans. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. Francis, Robert, and Martin J. Walker. Lord of the Flies. Deddington: Philip Allan Updates, 2010. Print. Isaac Newton Quotes. Isaac Newton Quotes (Author of The Principia). N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May  2014. The Holy Bible Containing the Old and New Testaments. Trenton: I. Collins, 1791. Print. Beech, Linda. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire by J.K. Rowling. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2000. Print. Slavery Quotes. Thinkexist.com. ThinkExist, n.d. Web. 16 May 2014. Annotated Bibliography Francis, Robert, and Martin J. Walker. Lord of the Flies. Deddington: Philip Allan Updates, 2010. Print. Lord of the Flies offers an interesting point of view over the effects that laws have over mankind. It reveals our underlying nature. This book argues the evil that is inside of man. It focuses on the aspect of sin and rebellion that follows our natural position. This source is very useful. The information is opinionated but still very reliable. The goal of this source is to lead me toward believing that we are all born into evil but sculpted into a society that will keep us safe. This resource has been extremely helpful in understanding the flaws of man. It promotes the idea that rules keep us safe but draw us farther from our natural environment. I can use this source in my paper as a way to show the reader how freedom makes us turn into beasts. It may even change the way they think about the world like it has me. The Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Lord of the Flies (novel by Golding). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Sept. 2013. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. This source summarizes the dark side of human nature. It also stresses how important the need for intelligence is needed for a controlled society. The usefulness of this source is going to be very reliable when writing about the fashion of society. This source is not biased but rather explains the cold hard facts that have been put down on us along with the constraints of the government. The source was helpful because it will allow the reader to understand how freedom can be a bad thing. It will explain that the laws we have are a double edged sword. What Is the Law. What Is the Law. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. The main reason for this article was to explain why we have laws. It covers topics such as crime rate and crime dependency. A useful source such as this is reliable because of the facts that are given along with the points made. The information perceived is not biased. It was all gathered from credible sources. The source explains why laws exist as well as what could happen if they did not exist. I will use this source when I cover law dependency and necessity. How Laws Affect People. VM Law RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014. Laws affect people in positive and negative ways. It forces us to settle our natural instincts and focus on a more controlled way of living. Not all data presented is reliable, however, I will use what is not opinionated. The goal of this source is to let the reader know what happens when laws colonize a population. The source will be helpful. It will further prove how badly laws affect a society. I will be using this source in my project. Effect_on_Germans. Effect_on_Germans. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. The German’s had many laws that caused an economic downturn. There were many things they weren’t allowed to do. This explains how a rebellion was cause from over enforcement. The source will be slightly useful when enforcing my thoughts on how laws can be trouble if they limit freedom too much. The source is not biased at all. It’s goal was to explain a reason why the Germans may have attacked and starting world war II The article fits into the research paper because it goes over laws that cause rebellion. I do not completely agree with it but, it can further my paper and make it easier to understand. Association Awards. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. This is a peer reviewed article. It gives solid facts concerning the importance of laws The topic covers important issues about the public needs. This source is reliable and all information presented is unbiased. This source will prove helpful and does not change my thoughts concerning laws and rules.It supports all the ideas that I will present. Law and Society Association. Law and Society Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. This source explains who controls all the laws that are made. It goes over the importance of control and freedom in law making. The source is reliable because it is straight from historical events. At the same time it is unbiased I will be able to use a small amount of the information presented. It does give good thoughts on why we need rules in a society. Laws and Regulations. USA.gov: The U.S. Governments Official Web Portal. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr.2014 This gives a detailed list of important laws. It explains why it is necessary to have them in our lives. Every aspect of this article is completely unbiased and reliable. All information is taken from the laws that we are aware of. This source furthers my understanding of law making. It will fit into the paper by assessing important topics concerning how we act around specific rules.

Physical activity levels among student nurses Essay -- Education, Hea

Introduction of the literature review. The literature review aims at developing the current and, existing knowledge regarding the physical activity in the area of nursing and student nurses, as well as analysing the omissions in the literature within the physical activity among nursing students . An online search was conducted using databases such as Medline, Cinahl, ASSIA, EBSCO, and Science Direct. The limitation of the literature time frame located from 2000 – 2010, using the key words: Physical activity- physical exercise –nursing students –physical activity levels-students .Various combinations of the key- words above were used to improve the analysis of collected and produced research papers and reports - related to the topic. The literature generated includes :clinical ,educational papers and policy document on physical activity. Moreover, the researcher papers published from international sources outside the United Kingdom (UK) ,were considered, because their findings could b e compared to the one in the United Kingdom. In addition ,the literature based on activities, diet and other lifestyle issues amongst general nurses were also included to develop the knowledge base in this area. The results of the search generated approximately 20 articles by which, the researcher decided to review .Most of the literature generated ,investigated the health promotion related behaviour and physical activity among nursing students and nurses. Although a few articles were explicitly based on physical activity in nursing students, the documentation generated combined health behaviours such as physical activity, healthy eating, and fitness, mainly because these three indicators are relevant to a healthy lifestyle. Ana... ...main concerns of student nurses. In conclusion, the studies reviewed recognised various studies that have analysed the PA and other health lifestyles within nursing students’. Many of these studies conclude that, it is even more vital that nursing students improve their health behaviours within areas of health promotion such as PA. This report has identified the gap in the literature about concerning the recommended amount of physical education within the female students’ nurse. Since, they are the future health care providers and role models to the public. Therefore, by conducting this study, the findings of this study will add knowledge to the literature and ,could help to close the gap in nurse student' participation in PA. This will justify the purpose of conducting this research. The following are the research aim, theme, and objectives of this study.

ophelia :: essays research papers

Hurricane Ophelia was downgraded to a tropical storm again Monday as the indecisive weather system moved slowly off the coast, its outer bands of rain not quite reaching land. Despite Ophelia’s waxing and waning strength and slow progress, residents’ attention had been focused by the devastation caused elsewhere by Hurricane Katrina. That was on the mind of Steve King as he grudgingly skipped a football game on television to move his sea kayak out of harm’s way. â€Å"They keep saying this storm is two or three days out,† he said. â€Å"I think we’re all waiting for something to happen.† Ophelia’s sustained wind speed slowed Monday morning to about 70 mph, 4 mph below the threshold for a hurricane, but it had the potential to regain hurricane strength over the next day or so, the National Hurricane Center said. A tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch were in effect from Cape Lookout south to Edisto Beach, S.C. Some calls for evacuations With the storm’s path uncertain, South Carolina Gov. Mark Sanford called for a voluntary evacuation Monday of oceanfront and riverside areas in his state’s northeastern corner. â€Å"This is a serious storm that’s got the potential to do a lot of damage and put lives in jeopardy if we don’t take it seriously,† Sanford said. In North Carolina, Gov. Mike Easley on Sunday ordered 200 National Guard soldiers to report to staging centers in the eastern part of the state. The governor also ordered a mandatory evacuation of nonresidents from fragile Ocracoke Island on the Outer Banks, reachable only by ferry. At Wrightsville Beach, lifeguards ordered swimmers out of the surf Sunday. â€Å"They are saying they don’t want anyone to even touch the water,† said Kathy Carroll, 37, of Wilmington. â€Å"Now I know how a flounder feels. I was getting tossed all over the place.† Despite the warnings, there were no long lines at Roberts Grocery in Wrightsville Beach, where customers bought chips and beer — not bottled water and batteries. â€Å"Usually, they are buying all the bread and milk,† said store manager Teresa Hines. â€Å"Some of the regulars have told me they have their hammers and nails ready just in case.† With a history of destructive storms, New Hanover County has a well-rehearsed disaster plan. But Katrina, which was a powerful Category 4 hurricane before it made landfall in Louisiana and Mississippi, was on residents’ minds even though Ophelia was only Category 1 and had been waxing and waning in strength.

Computer: Wildlife and People

: 1. Tourism is becoming good source of revenue for many countries. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of exploiting this resource. 2. What is your opinion about the advantages and disadvantages of fast food? (2002,10;2003,1;2004,4) 3. In 1995,an Englishman killed a burglar who broke into his house. He was sentenced. Do you think he should be sentenced ? How can we protect our property? 4. With the development of a market economy. Advertisements have become a dominant feature in television industry, despite the rich information brought by television.There still exists strong criticism against television advertisement. Write an article analyzing the positive and negative effects of television advertisement. 5. :version:000121(2005? G ) Some people think that visitors to other countries imitate local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree. They think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the two views and give your own opinion. : : 1. Some people think that people at the age of 55 and over should be encouraged to retire in order to give opportunities to a new generation. Do you agree or disagree? 2.A report indicates that nowadays children are becoming more and more lazy, fat and unsociable. Give the reasons for this and a proposal for a solution. (2003) : 3. Computers are widely used for education and some people think that teachers will not play important role in the classroom. Disagree or agree? 4. People use computers when they work, go banking and so on, but some argue that it will make people isolated and decrease their social skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 5. Some people think that traditional techniques and modern technology are incompatible. To what extent do you agree or disagree? . Oriental session 7. Some people think that strong tradition can civilize a country and the government should subsidize musicians, artists, actors and drama companies. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? what should government do? 8. Is it possible for a woman to be a good mother and a successful career woman at the same time? some people agree that government should pay some money to women so that they can stay at home to look after their children. Do you agree or disagree? 9. Modern technology, such as fertilizer and machinery has changed our world so much. What are the advantages and disadvantages? Discuss 10.There have been many technological developments in the 20th century. For example, computer and electric power. Choose either of them, describe the change it has brought about and discuss whether all the changes are positive. 11. :What are the purposes of places, such as museums and how should they be funded? : 1. A. Television is the most popular form of entertainment in the modern household. ( )people of all ages use this medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day. ( )thus, television has had a tremendous influence on its viewers, especially children. )scien tists now say that children can be negatively effected by constantly watching television. ( )? I take their side. B. We hear a lot about negative effects of television on the viewers. Obviously, televisions can be harmful if it is watched constantly. However, when television is watched in moderation, it is extremely valuable,( )as/for it provides relaxation entertainment and education. 2. Some people think that the government should not put money in building theaters and sports stadium, they should spend more money on education and medical care. a.Theaters and sports stadium are the most popular places in the modern society. People of all ages love to entertain themselves and enjoy the relaxation. Plus, as the desire for music and sports is increasing, the government ought to spend more money on that. b. Most people hold the point that theaters and sports are losing their importance as time passes by. It is no denying that modern people are leading an increasingly busy life. Neverth eless, not a single place can replace the status in helping people develop their physical body and mental condition like theaters and stadium. : 1. :We are now living in high developing world. Great changes have taken place. The computer was born in 1946 in America and was named ENTAC by researchers. It’s development is very quick. It had made greater progress recently and plays a more important role in our society. ( ) It is of great value to master necessary computer knowledge In world today. ( )? That is to say, one can never live without sufficient knowledge of computer. As what happens in Britain, a college graduate even from Cambridge University may face a difficulty in finding a job if he or she does not know how to manage computers.It is true in other countries. Therefore, it will be very hard to live free from contact with computers. : From the above, in conclusion, in short, all in all, on the whole, in one word : some people claim that disadvantages of cars are more than advantages, do you agree or disagree? 2:2005 version00110 Many of the world’s languages and cultures are dying out. Give possible reasons and your recommendations. 1. : 2. :Dear Mr. Wang: I am awfully sorry about what my dog did to your garden the day before yesterday, I want you know how badly I feel about it. I assure you that it will not happen again. , , , , , , , , ) :Being sorry is not enough. But we honestly thank you for being so generous with us and our dog. Yours sincerely Lynn 3. :thank you from the bottom of my heart thanks a million I sincerely appreciate Many thanks for your kindness :Write a letter to thank your friends for caring for you when you were in hospital after an accident. 4. 😕 :Write a letter to Mr. Wang who works in administration office to ask for an increase in financial aid. Dear Mr. Wang: I am writing to you to see whether or not I can get an increase in financial aid.As the administration office had done a lot in help ing people with financial need. I tend to ask another help from you. 5. : you have come back to your hometown after the first term in Canada. Write a letter to your good friend, Mike, inviting him to visit your hometown in summer vacation. One of your friends invites you to visit his hometown. But you have made your plans. Write a letter to refuse his invitation. Version 00113 Some people think that university should not provide theoretical knowledge, but to give practical training beneficial to the society.Do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and knowledge to support you idea. 5: Most universities and colleges spend rather long period in fundamental theories and elementary course. But students regard these kinds of knowledge useless, and pay less attention to it. Some people think that university should not provide theoretical knowledge, but to give practical training beneficial to the society. As for me, I think this view is reasonable in some aspects. First of all, the theoretical knowledge just handles problem is an abstract concept. It must combine with real job.For instance, as everyone know, with the development of society, work position more and more need experienced and technical talent, especially in Shanghai of China, one of the biggest city throughout the world. So, more offering practice training to university students can help them to adapt to the society better. Therefore, the theoretical knowledge losing contact with reality is nonsensical. Secondly, the theoretical knowledge comes from practice. Any theoretical knowledge is obtained form the work of practicing. The universities provide practical training to students, making them understand the theoretical knowledge deeply.Just because of this, our universities believe that students should participate in social work at least one year in the four years in order to get practical training. However, the theoretical knowledge is the essence of practice, and it is the important course t hat we can’t ignore too. So, theoretical knowledge and practice have the equal status in our study. In a word, theoretical knowledge and practical training is all our require courses. We should study theory knowledge, and then apply it to practice. , , , , version 00121(2005? G )Some people think visitors to other countries should imitate local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree. they think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the tow views, and give your own opinion. 4: Recent years, because traffic is convenient day-by-day, people have more chances to travel around the world. The plane can make us reach any corner of the earth in a short time. Some people think visitors to other countries should imitate local custom and behaviors, but some people disagree. As far as I am concerned, necessary imitation is, in contrast, a wiser choice.As a famous saying goes, do as they do when in Room. The knowledge of local custom can help outside people adap t to the new environment rapidly. For instance, a Chinese student came to Britain, he can imitate British life style. In this way, he can understand British habit more thoroughly, thus, make himself live a more comfortable life in Britain. In addition, the cultural uniqueness that should be maintained need more attention. If people did not adhere to their national symbol especially in foreign country, these treasures would disappear. Take American hug for instance.Opposed to it, Chinese people greet each other with a formal handshake instead of warm hug. Because of this, different countries know each other to a greater extent. On the other hand, it is generally believed that outside cultures take a significant role in shaping the new world. Without taking back foreign customs home, a traveler can do nothing to help promote his or her country’s civil variety, In conclusion, according to the above reasons, the transformation to total reference to foreign customs gain an upper h and over the persistence in cultural identity abroad. Version 00110Many world languages and cultures are dying out. Give possible reasons and your recommendations. Nowadays, international communication has become more and more important. But many world languages ad cultures are dying out. In this essay, we will examine the problem of languages and culture dying and the solutions. Firstly, as the technology improves, people around the world are relying more and more on electronic devices to communicate with each other. Take internet for example. In order to make international conversations, people attempt to talk and send e-mail with the commonly-spoken language, say, English.As a result, cultural uniqueness will fade away gradually. Secondly, some of the world languages and cultures are not being learned widely by children. As what happens in China, Chinese youngsters tend to avoid speaking as their elders do. Because of their contact with foreign cultures, they prefer imitating som e odd sayings and behaviors. That is also the way Peking opera is dying out. In order to solve the problems illustrated above, I offer two solutions in this special occasion. For one solution, people might record the culture and languages on books or tapes, making sure our descendants can learn or use them in the future.The second solution is to increase the awareness of the importance of national cultural identity among young people. From the above analyses, the important thing is to learn the elder’s tongue and culture before it is too late. Otherwise, we will lose them. V120 What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded? : As we all know, museums are unreplaceable places for human beings. However, more and more museums have to face the serous economic problem nowadays. Therefore, many people doubt museum’s significance. On the contrary, I am a firm believer that museums is still of great importance.Firstly, museum is considered the h istorical symbol that it exhibits traditional culture of a nation. Nations of difference have different culture and history. Taking the history and revolution museum for example. The museum is the best way to let the Chinese youngsters enjoy their ancestor’s history and let visitors and foreigners know what china was like century ago. Secondly, museum could help improve people’s love for art and beauty. As a result, museums aiming to exhibit artist paintings, photos and the like can never be replaced. For instance, the greatest art museum in Paris represents things alike every year.Without it, we would not have a so keen taste for beauty. For one solution, the government ought to buy all museums. If museums belong to government, it means main economic problem of museums is solved. The second solution is that society ought to donate lots of money to maintain development of museum. The museum protects out history and culture, so we have obligation to support progress of museums. All in all, it is museums, along with other institutes, that enrich our dull lives. Only by permanently funding them can we share the magnificence. V105Some people claim that the disadvantages of cars are more than the advantages, do you agree or disagree? With the development of science and technology, the cars have already become the important component in our daily life gradually. Cars make our life convenient and swift. However, too many cars have caused very serious social problems. Some people claim that the disadvantages of cars are more than the advantages. I doubt it. Since one century ago, the auto industry has been developed at full speed worldwide, and has brought the enormous progresses to our life. For example, the car is the most convenient tool of transportation.We can be on and off duty by car every day; we can go to travel by car on the vacation; we can utilize the cars to deal with some emergency too. The car is playing an important role in our daily life . They make our rhythm of life faster and faster and make our business become more and more efficient. On the other hand, the development gives people countless employment opportunities too, such as manufacturing industry, repairing industry and maintaining industry. We are enjoying the convenience that the cars bring to us; at the same time we can utilize the auto industry to support ourselves.However, we ca not ignore that too many cars cause enormous social problems, for example, traffic jam, air pollution, traffic accident, to which we have to find a solution. In a word, the cars have brought enormous change to our life. The advantages are far more than the disadvantages. : The graph below shows the percentage of people unable to find work in three major countries from 1983 to 1992. [pic] The line graph shows a comparison of unemployment rates in Japan, the United Kingdom and Canada between 1989 and 1992. In Japan, the percentage of unemployment from 2. 3%to 3%between 1983 and 1986.After that, the percentage started decreasing with minor fluctuation and returned to the original value in 1992. ( : , , ) In 1983, the percentage of umemployed people was 12% in Canada and 13% in the UK. ( )These values decreased dramatically and at a constant rate over the next few years. ( )and unemployment reached the lowest percentage in Canada with about 7. 7% in 1988-1989,and in the UK with 7% in 1989-1990. ( )( )The unemployment rates of the two countries reaches the same point between 1988 and 1989. And then the figures( ))started increasing in both countries . n 1992,Canada reached its original value. Meanwhile, UK reached 10%, three points below the original percentage in 1983. ( ) From the above analysis, the unemployment rate was more stable than those of UK and Canada. ( ) : The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1950, 1970, and 1990. [pic] The bar chart represents a contrast in terms of bus , car, bike, foot in years of 1950, 1970 and 1990. From 1950 to 1990,the percentage of people who travel( )by bike and on foot decreased from 27%to 7% and 33%to 10% respectively.Similarly, the percentage of people taking bus dropped after 1970 but increased before that. However, car’s percentage use sharply boomed year after year. ( : ) Traveling by bike or on foot were most popular in 1950. but percentage of car users was far more smaller. After two decades, with the decrease of bike users and travelers on foot, bus and car gain a lot of popularity. Bus reached its peak at 27%. in 1970,over one out of three( )people drive to and from work. ( , ) All in all, as the economy increases gradually, people prefer to go to work and come home by driving rather than taking bus or walking. : The table below shows information on income, taxes and prices in five cities around the world. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below. |City |Average hourl y wage |Tax as % of wage |Monthly rent for 4-bedroom flat | |Athens |? 4 |18. 9% |? 700 | |Geneva |? 13 |26. 6% |? 1, 300 | |Hong Kong |? |15% |? 2, 400 | |London |? 7 |31. 3% |? 1, 200 | |Tokyo |? 12 |19. 3% |? 5, 300 | This table graph demonstrates a comparison of wages, taxes and rents in five important cities, Athens, Geneva, Hong Kong, London and Tokyo. Geneva and Tokyo offer the highest average hourly wage,13 and 12 pounds respectively.Within expectation, the tax as percentage of wage is also high. However, the rent in Tokyo is much more than that in Geneva. On the contrary, the lowest wages are offered by Hong Kong and Athens,3 and 4 pounds respectively. It is not surprising that the taxes are correspondingly lower than the rest. The difference between the two cities is the rent, with the lowest 700 pounds in Athens and more higher 2400 pounds in Hong Kong. ( : , ) With the average rent and wage, London has the highest tax ( ) In conclusion, in terms of living cost, living in London might harder than the others. ( ) :The two pie charts below show the types of communication used in 1962 and 1982. [pic] [pic] The two pie charts demonstrate a comparison in different patterns of communication which were used in 1962 and 1982. As what has been shown in the two charts, the percentage of letters drastically decreased from 50% in 1962 to 10% in 1982 respectively. The figures of phone and computer usage, on the contrary, increased correspondingly at a high rate. The percentage of computer communication in 1982 was exactly twice that in 1962. Similarly,the popularity of phone in 1982 can also be suggested by its rise-25% from the original value,35%.In conclusion, communication devices, as economy and technology are being enhanced, have changes greatly. High-tech ways will gradually take the place of private and traditional ones. 1. 21 discuss? With our entrance to 21st century, there rises the controversy of whether our future would turn to the bright one. Many people claim that 21st century would be taken into a positive way through scientific and technological advance while a great number of pessimists argue that our future is threat123d by lots of ongoing disasters. As for me, I prefer a balanced view that there will be crisis and opportunities.On one hand, we have reasons to be optimistic. For one thing, the development of information technology will make it possible to for all the people in the world to communicate with each other easily. Take the internet as an example. A simple click on the mouse could lead you to every place and person all over the world. For another, as the medical treatment develops, it could be expected that there will be cure for such deadly diseases as cancer and AIDS and that human beings would be able to enjoy a long life expectancy. Moreover, with the ongoing mechanization, an increasing amount f dangerous and heavy-labor work would tend to be taken by the robot. In this case, man can work in more safe and comfortable conditions, as well as enjoy more leisure time. On the other hand, it can be foreseen that there may be crises in the future. First, people will run high risk of psychological problems for dealing with computers in long-term is likely to cause the loneliness and infantile autism. Consequently the rate of suicide would experience a sharp rise. Besides, there is possibility that the robot would take over the earth, enslaving our mankind who is originally its creator.Furthermore, it is not impossible that a global nuclear war would break out. As a result, none of all creatures on the earth can escape this disaster so that from then on the civil history comes to an end. From the discussion above, it can be concluded that we would confront both opportunities and crises. The advanced science and technology could obtain merit and drawback. So what I hope to see in the future is that we can enjoy healthier and longer life and that more and more science and technology will be em ployed in the peaceful way. 2.Some people claim that the increasingly frequent business and cultural communications are positive whereas others hold a different opinion. Discuss. Although a slight mention of the past pastoral life arouses a nostalgia and reminiscent beauty, which is unexceptionally characterized by isolation and somewhat disconsolation, various and frequent communications in business, education, scientific research, and even the daily life are flooding the existent values, ideas, and ideals. Inevitably, this social phenomenon provokes a storm of commendation and criticism as well.Frequent communications in various fields among cultures and people undoubtedly benefit individuals’ life. Almost every citizen becomes the beneficiary of the communications. People around the world today are able to enjoy otherwise unavailable products and services. For instance, it is due to the international communication in business that people in China can enjoy such high qualit y products as Mercedes Benz from Germany, Titoni watch from Switzerland, and IBM computers. All these cases demonstrate one thing: communications contribute to human beings.Not only are diverse array of communications in the international spectrum positive to individuals, they also have been exerting significant favorable influences on family life. It was virtually incredible to imagine an international family five decades ago, but today on account of the rapid development of communications and transportations, religious and racial discriminations have almost entirely â€Å"gone with the wind†. It is no longer an â€Å"abnormal† thing that a Chinese husband gets married with a Japanese wife.Such international family, as scientific research warrants, is a welcome development in terms of both biological and political elements. In fact, the advantages of communications are also shaping and reflecting the general human civilization development. If God, as Bible says, creat ed different languages among men, then men all over the world today are able to work together, pray together, and struggle for freedom together. The communications are actually a process of globalization. This is the trend of sustainable development. With communications, people become brothers and sisters rather than enemies.With communications, there will be peace rather than war. With communications, the mundane mortals will eventually retrieve the paradise that our forefathers lost and get renascence. Admittedly, the communications might have some negative influences. But the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, the communications should be advocated and encouraged with the utmost enthusiasm A,B : Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement?Humans share the planet with the wild animas who have contributed a lot to our society and economy. But today, the world is poised on the brink of the largest wave of extinctions. So we have to do something to protect wild animals. Firstly, faming to feed the growing human population is one of the chief cause of extinction. From this millions of hectares of forests and natural vegetation have been cleared for agricultural use. Secondly, excess mining has destroyed the habitat of wild animals. Then came the threat of illegal logging, poaching and smuggling.Wild animals are now facing severe problems, but fortunately more and more people begin to realize the value of wild animals to our human-beings environment. As we know, wild animals together with wild plants consist of a complex ecosystem, which is significant to our natural environment, providing clean water, clean air and various resources. They are so connected and interacted that even extinction of several species will lead to a disaster to the whole ecosystem. Furthermore, the variety of species and genes founding wild animals are critical resources that could be utilized in each country’s development, especially in science and medical.In history, many ideas of famous inventions originated form animals such as ultrasonic fro bat. Moreover, there are still so many undiscovered fields of science, maybe we can get use of one kind of wild animals one day. Before this, we had better keep them protected, particular to some rare species. Someone said safeguard of wild animals is a waste of resource, but I do not agree. It seems that we would spend some time, wealth and manpower on this meaningless thing. Actually we also do this for human being ourselves.Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement? With the rapid progress of society, people’s living standard is dramatically improved, with more convenience and resource coming to us. However, our living environment at the same t ime is getting more polluted. One effect of this phenomenon is that there is not enough space for wild animals to survive, and many people hold an opinion that it would be a waste of resource to protect wild animals.Nevertheless, I think exactly the opposite way. The environment is a comprehensively biological life cycle, with human beings, animals and plants playing affecting each other accordingly. Wild animals occupy an essential position in the life cycle. Let’s look at a very simple example. Although snakes are very dangerous and frightening, they can catch mice, and mice can destroy the crop as well as sanitary surroundings. Here it is easy to understand that if there are not enough snakes, the number of mice would grow rapidly, doing more harm to us. Then , should not we protect the snake?Actually, we are saving resource by doing this because trying to save something that is already destroyed seriously costs more. Secondly, in present, quite a number of problems such a s desertification and rivers dried up, caused by excessive exploitation of natural resource, have arisen an increasing number of people aware of environment protection. More and more places, I think, should be planned for wild animals in 21st contrary. Thus, it is obviously noticed that more trees are planted and more wildlife conservation areas are planned, ensuring that wild animals will be under protection.As we can see from the improvement, in the 21st contrary, wild animals would be leading a happy life. To sum up, we cannot live without wild animals due to their profound effects on us. For this reason, we should try our best to protect them. Let’s remember one thing—protecting wild animals is equivalent to protecting ourselves. Wild animals have no place in the 21st contrary, and the protection for them is a waste of resource. To what extent, do you agree or disagree with the above statement? Biological diversity has never been as threatened as it is today as a r esult of the process of human civilization.The various forms of pressure created by human activity have destroyed natural balance, led to the deterioration of natural habitats, genetic erosion and the rarity, even disappearance, of a number of plant and animal species. As the pace of civilization accelerates, more people, taking more space, needing to use more natural resources, engaging in ever-growing consumption, impose sever deterioration on the habitat of animals. An increasing number of people come to realize that the disappearance of animals will result in serious threat to the equilibrium of ecosystem.Simply put, the extinction of hawks, rat-eating bird seen in many regions, will result in the rapid propagation of rats. And rats, further, will destroy the prairies and threaten the other animals like gazelles, zebras, and others, who live on grass and green lands. The coexistence of animals and human beings creates perfect harmony and brings about vividness to our planet. It is hard to imagine what our world would be like without animals. Sociologists also point our that the disappearance of animals can cause social and economic problems. Animals trade, as a supporting sector to the world economy, was very active before.However, the situation is beyond control since animals trade is very profitable and alluring. Many species cannot escape the adversity of being killed. Certainly, our diet cannot be without meat. There are living stocks, which can provide us with sufficient and nutritious produce. Therefore, we need not to resort to wild animals, especially the endangered ones. To protect animals is to protect our living environment. Every individual should join efforts to keep the diversity of animals. : The gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and larger. What are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences?As the step of economic development accelerates, the gap between the city and the countryside becomes more and more overt , which arouses colossal concerns. Take a further look at the phenomenon, there are three major causes. Firstly, the insufficiency of investment in the rural areas accounts mainly for the issue. China, for example, covers a very large area. Due to the emphasis on the development in the coastal areas, the government devotes more investment in the large cities, such as shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. The investment, undoubtedly, is repaid by the threefold increase of economy and commerce in these cities.However, this is not the case in the rural area and the western regions. The lack of investment barriers the productivity and economic development and sharpens the gap between the city and the countryside. Secondly, the low education level in the rural areas contributes partly to the gap of living. Education is the prime force of productivity. Keeping this in mind, many countries and governments give priority to the development of education. China’s education witness ed a rapid growth in the past decade. However, the education level in the countryside still keeps very low.The enrollment of primary schools and secondary schools is much lower compared with the advanced regions, not to mention the developed countries in the world. Without good education, the development of economy and technology would be dream difficult to be realized. Finally, the influx of migrant workers to the cities form the countryside deteriorates the undeveloped conditions in the rural areas. The life style in the urban areas is very attractive to the people in the countryside. To seek more working opportunities, many people abandon the fertile lands and leave them uncultivated.If the situation continues, it will lead to serious unbalance of economic and regional development. To sum up, only when the government renders more concerns over the issue can the gap between the cities and the countryside be bridged. The gap of living in cities and the countryside is larger and lar ger. What are the reasons in your country and how to reduce the differences? When you look back to the last contrary, amazingly you will find that not only had all world’s largest populated cities experienced different population growth rates, but also the difference between the city and the ountryside had grown accordingly. Two reasons of mine can examine the tendency as following. The glamorous city life allures lots of human resources to move to the city, taking major contribution to the gap. In the city, there are many advantages to attract those talented people to settle down—more job opportunities, cultural activities, sporting events, if you name them. Therefore, even those well-educated people who are originated from the country intend to lead a dynamic city life instead of returning to face the static country view.If the rural government can work out some favorable policies such as low prices of land occupied for industrial uses, with the combination of low co st of workforce, investors are willing to establish factories in the countryside. The improvement of employment situation will enormously help pull back some intellectuals and lessen the gap. (104words) In the second part, I would mention the factor of transportation. Supporting sentences: the vital resistance of economic development in the countryside is the inconvenient transportation. It has been witnessed in China that almost all leading cities are scattered along the coastline.They take advantages of sea, air and other sophisticated transport facilities to enjoy high economic growth rates. I suggest that the central government should fund on infrastructure for the whole nation, including rural areas, to build up a nationwide transport network. Consequently, tourism as well as housing in the countryside will be boosted, and the difference between the city and the country would be minimized. (94words) To sum up, intelligent resources would determine who is the winner or loser of the intense competition; moreover, transit system also play an important role in developing economy.If both issues were tackled properly in the countryside, gap between the city and the country would never be overwhelming. 2007 3? 10? TASK 1bar , , 7 TASK2 With the increase in use of mobile phones and computers, less people tend to write letters. The skill of writing letters will disappear completely. To what extend do you agree of disagree? How important do you think is letter writing ? 3? 3? task 1 ,overseas and UK visitors in London from 1996 to 2001. task 2 , , 2? 10? task1 how waste recycled to garden fertilizer task2: maintaining public libraries is a waste of money because computer technology services the function. do you agree or disagree? 2? 3 TASK1:TABLE. TASK2:Who will be responsible for the environment, individual? or government? you opinion? 1? 20 table, 8? ( 8? ) motor vehicle? 1990 2000 It is believed that government should pay for health care and education instead of the public. However, some people debate that it would be a large cost and it is not necessary. What's your opinion? 1? 13? 1? TABLES 1? 6 ,TABLE 1900 ? 2000 : , , , 2006 1? 7? People believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1? 14? There are social, medical, and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phone? 1? 21? At present, science has been developing at a high speed, but people still have a high opinion of artists.What can the arts tell us of the life that science cannot? 2006? 2? 11? In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society? 2? 18? Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and uses up the world's fuel res ources. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2? 25? More and more measures to improve the security in the urban area have been introduced because of the increased crime. Do the benefits of the measures outweigh the drawbacks? 3? 11? In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation. What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individual and the society? Give reasons and make some suggestions. 3? 18? VS Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well. Some say that teachers should only teach students about academic subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 3? 25? Long distance flight uses more fuel than car and brings pollution to the environment.We should discourage non-essential flight rather than limit the use of car. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 04 / 08 Space travel to the moon, cited as a b ig step for the mankind. Some people think it made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 04 / 22 VS History is little or nothing to tell people. Others believe people must study history to understand the present. Please discuss. 06/ 04 / 29 Some people believe that national sports teams and individual men and women who represent their country should be financially supported by the government.Others think they should be funded by non-government organizations (business, scholarship). 06/ 05 / 13 Housing shortage in big cities can cause severe consequences. Only government action can solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06/ 05 / 20 Do the problems brought by international travel outweigh the advantages? 06/ 05 / 27 Some people think that the use of animal for experimentation is cruel. Other think it is good for the development of science. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion. 06/ 06 / 10 Nowadays some peo ple like to give help to the local community or provide people with direct help. Other people prefer to give money to national and international organizations. Discuss both of the two ways and present your own opinion. 06/ 06 / 17 The best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and give an example to support your idea. 06/ 06 / 24 Some people think that it is beneficial for students to go to private secondary schools, but other people think that it can have a negative effect.Discuss the two points and give your own opinion. 06 / 07 / 08 In a modern society, it has been observed in some countries that the elderly are not duly respected. Discuss the reasons why this has occurred and the effects it might have on our society. 06 / 07 /22 Is it better for students to live at home with their parents or in school accommodations? Give your own opinion on the issue. Use your own experience or an example to support your idea. 06 / 07/ 29 Earlier technological development brought more benefits changes to the life of ordinary people than the recent technological development will.To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 08/ 05 Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Other think the purpose of museums is educate, not entertain. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion. 06 / 08/ 12 In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 08/ 26 Multi-cultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country.To what extend do you agree or disagree with this conclusion? 06 / 09/ 02 In some countries, advertisers increase the amount of advertising which try to persuade children to buy snacks, toys,and other goo ds. Parents object such pressure on children. But some advertisers claim that there is useful information in these advertisements. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 06 / 09/ 16 Some people think the students should take the subjects which are decided by the government in the university. Others think that students can apply for the subjects they prefer.Discuss the two situations and give your opinion. 06 / 09/ 23 Young adults should undertake unpaid work to help people in the community. Do you think it brings more drawbacks to the community and the young adults than benefits? 06 / 10 / 14 Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn the children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 06 / 10 / 22 The speeding up of life in many areas such as travel and communication has negative effects on society at all levels—individual, national and global.To what extent d o you agree or disagree? 06 / 10 / 29 Some people think that increasing business and cultural contacts have positive influences on development; others think that it has negative effects on national identities. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 06 / 11/ 04 Some people think that good health is very important to every person, so medical services should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the disadvantages of private health care outweigh the advantage? 06 / 11/ 18 Some people think secondary students should study international news as a school subject, but others argue that it is a waste of their valuable school time. What’s your opinion? 06 / 11/ 25 Exposure to international media, e. g. films, TV and magazines, has an impact on the local culture. Please discuss whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. 06 / 12/ 02 Throughout the history, male leaders often made the society more violent and conflicting. If women governed the world, it would be a more peaceful world. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give an example to support your idea. 6 / 12/ 09 Modern buildings are appearing in large numbers, some people believe that we should build our buildings in traditional styles. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 06 / 12/ 16 Some people believe that personal happiness is directly related to economic success. Others believe there are other factors. Discuss the two sides and give your opinion ———————– 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 % of people unable to work (UNEMPLOYMENT RATES) United Kingdom Canada Japan 1962 P 35% C 15% L 50%

Nutrition Worksheet Essay

1. What is the name of the recipe you are evaluating? Grilled Chicken Breast 2. Which essential nutrients—carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals—are included in the recipe? Each nutrients are include in the recipe. Carbohydrates are 1.41 grams which provide a 0% daily value. Total fat is 1.46 grams and brings 2% daily value. Vitamins that are included are A, and C which A is 26.95 with 1% daily value and C 5.43 mg and has a daily value of 9%. Calcium is 16.66 mg and has a daily value of 2% and Iron .92 mg and has a value of 5%. All are very important in collecting your daily intake of nutrients. 3. Which ingredients are providing each nutrient? The protein is coming from the chicken which also brings some fat. The garlic and the salt combined equal the amount of sodium in the meal. The lemon would bring the vitamin C and Iron. The chicken is high in cholesterol which in some diets is not very good depending on the persons health. 4. Does this recipe include a good balance of essential nutrients? Explain your answer. I would answer yes just because chicken is a very healthy thing to eat. Chicken has a lot of protein. The body needs protein to help your muscles stay strong. In my opinion when looking to lose weight or turn fat to muscle chicken breast is an excellent choose. 5. How could the recipe be altered to include more essential nutrients? How the recipe could be altered would be to boil the chicken and not to grill it. Another thing would to just use black pepper for taste and cut out the garlic and the lemon. If you were to use salt I would pick up some NO SALT SALT. The is no sodium in that salt. The less things to make it taste enjoyable the better. 6. Do you consider this a healthy meal? If not, what is a healthy alternative? I do consider this a healthy meal. The reason so is that I have ate this my entire life. Chicken is a huge key to loosing weight for me and for others I know. Chicken provides a great potion of proteins that help you lose weight and gain muscle. Part 2: Nutrition Questions Respond to the following questions in 75 to 125 words each: 1. Do you find it easy or difficult to determine the nutritional value of food? What are some methods to help you more easily determine the nutritional values of food? I do find it hard to read a food label. The food label is so tricky and can be wrong in times. It also depends on what kind of diet your on as well. I think by understanding the values helps to understand how to watch what you eat. A method that I use on choosing what I eat have helped me lose weight. If it was living at one point in it’s life it is great for your body. If the food has been processed to make it taste better chances are that it holds no key nutritional values. 2. What environmental, economic, and psychosocial factors influenced your food and drink choices today? I attended an NFL game today so let’s just say I did not eat healthy. The environment I was in did cause me to not eat or drink as much because of the high prices. When around so much great smelling food and the tradition to have a couple beers and watch your favorite team win I will take my chances. When returning home I did have a nice meal o make up for my bad choices. I have come to believe that influence does play a key role in what you eat or drink on a daily basis. It just comes down to you to determine what choice you will make.