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Case Facts and Overview Cambridge Science Pharmaceuticals (CSP) is an international health care company that focuses on developing and marketing products that treat metabolic disorder and other acute and chronic medical conditions. CSP is coming up with a new product named Metabical after listening to a focus group participants that communicated their life struggles with weight loss. 65% of the adult US population is considered overweight, obese, or severely obese and that can measured by Body Mass Index (BMI) scale to understand more under which category they are. BMIs between 25 and 30 are the ones Metabical can benefit. There are over the counter non-prescription drugs for overweight category and the only FDA approved was Alli. Metabical at the time of the case would be the first prescription drug with an approval by the FDA, and clinical trials proved that participants reached their target goal by week 12. Metabical had few side effects when excess fat and calories were consumed. As a result, CSP decided to come up with a support program that included reference material, online tools and exercise plans similar to Alli the OTC drug, but was going to be more comprehensive, in order to help maintain the weight and minimize the side effects. Health care providers were enthusiastic about a drug that can help patients with their overweight struggles and maintain the weight loss. The company conducted a marketing research that shows overweight is on the rise, with 34% of US adults considered in the 25-30 BMI scale. The marketing research also shows that the highest percentage was for the age 65-74 for men, and 45-54 to women. A further research shows that 12% of the respondents said they would make an appointment and purchase the ... ...li. As for the communication strategy, sticking to heavy pull advertising and adding more money into push advertising is recommended. Furthermore, sales representatives have to be trained well on how to convince physicians and know a lot of information about Metabical before they do their visits. PR events and direct mail should also take place and be informative. My final recommendation would be not to include a celebrity, as sometimes celebrities can create a bad image especially that it is a prescription, and not just a herbal treatment. As for the timeline, it is important to create awareness for the physicians through direct mail, sales representatives visits, and seminars before the launch of the product, followed by more direct mail and DTC to the consumers. After the launch, the online contest should take place, and viral marketing should continue heavily.

Week Two Supervision Homework

Satisfied employees, however, refers to a feeling when they have completed a job or something that feels that they have done their job well. Either side of the argument will somehow make money, promotion and/or will get benefits. They're closely related that job satisfaction can be a motivation and/or they do it for the money, promotion and/or benefits but their satisfaction will come naturally. 2. Briefly discuss several specific actions that supervisors can take to improve employee motivation. No matter how big or small the company, motivating the team is really important to business.When people lose their motivation can create less productive, less of an asset to the business. Either way, employees' motivation will affect the overall success in a company. Praising them when they're doing well is probably the most common and most effective as a motivation factor. Providing opportunities for growth such as adding responsibilities or challenges. 3. Explain why many managers frequentl y raise the following questions: â€Å"Why didn't you do what I told you to do? † Managers have higher position than the employees being managed.Therefore, they have the privilege to make decisions and to say something like â€Å"Why didn't you do what I told you to do? † They are more experience and probably have the education to uphold the position. Since they are more experience and probably been there longer than the employees, they have gotten use to the methods they have been using. Some just don't have the time to change the nature in workplace, why change something that is not broken. Or maybe because some managers has a superiority complex and thinks that the way he wants something done is the best way. 4.Discuss the following statement: Meanings are in people, not in words. This can be explained in a lot of ways but I believe that Meanings is a personal preference. Just like the bible, it can be interpreted differently from other religion and culture even tho ugh the words are exactly the same. Don't assume people know what you mean when you tell them something. The meaning is something that will depend on their own experiences, what was learnt by others. People is what gives words meaning.. Hopefully that made any sense but this is how I believe it can actually interpreted.

Inflation of Singapore

Bachelor of Commerce (Bridging) Intake 17 Elements of Economics Contents Introduction3 CPI inflation4 MAS inflation5 Private road transport5 Accommodation6 Recommendation7 Conclusion8 References9 Inflation here up 5. 5% in December Introduction Last December, Singapore’s inflation, which is defined as a persistently rising price level, rose to 5. 5 per cent on a year-on-year basis. The author states that CPI inflation is due to the accommodation and private road transport higher contribution. Furthermore, the author also mention the MAS core inflation increased to 2. per cent year-on-year due to the ongoing pass-through of earlier increasing costs. The report from December’s MAS’s Recent Economic Developments in Singapore further supports the author’s article. In this discussion, it could be argued that consumer demand for housing and transport are the major factors, which Department of Statistic Singapore reported, contribute to the increment in inflation . In addressing the challenge of the governments to meet the consumer demand, the paper will mention a few discussions and a recommendation about the issue on inflation of Singapore.CPI and MAS Inflation CPI inflation CPI, or Consumer Price Index, measures the average of the prices paid by urban consumers for a â€Å"fixed† basket of consumer goods and service (Michael Parkin, 2011). In Singapore, the major contributing â€Å"fixed† baskets are Housing, Food and Transport. In total, these three factors are more than half of the entire CPI. Data extracted from the December 2011’s CPI report is using year 2009 as the base period, which is derived from a Household Expenditure Survey.As Singapore inflation rates are published monthly, the Singapore Government is preventing bad or fictional speculations of future inflation. [pic] Source: Department of Statistic Singapore, 2012 Below table showing partial data of Singapore CPI December 2011 |FOOD |2,205 | |HOUSING |2, 548 | |Accommodation |2,002 | |Fuel & utilities 357 | |Household durables |189 | |TRANSPORT |1,553 | |Private road transport |1,166 | |Public road transport |366 | |Other travel & transport |21 | |Source: Department of Statistic Singapore, 2012 |MAS inflation MAS’ core inflation is stated as a smaller amount than the CPI inflation in this article. This difference is due to MAS monitoring a core inflation measure that excludes components of â€Å"Accommodation† and â€Å"Private road transport†. Private road transport Data from Department of Statistic Singapore states that the overall inflation of transport increased 10% from last year’s December with a detailed 12. 2% increment for the sub category â€Å"Private road transport†. Singapore Government controls the number of vehicles on the island via placing a quota on COE.In mid October 2011, the Singapore Government announced that the annual growth rate will be decreased smoothly until end of 2014 as vehicles population is growing faster than the government’s vehicle growth rate (Tony Ng, 2011). With the sharp increase in COE premiums in June and July 2011 (MAS, 2012), car prices surged, therefore defining the 12. 2% increment in â€Å"Private road transport†. As COE supply is tight, private road transport costs will remain firm. Hence, contribution to the increased inflation is not entirely from private road transport, but from the other main â€Å"fixed† basket, Accommodation.Accommodation Singapore’s economy recovered fast unexpectedly, this is good news but with backlash as Singapore’s infrastructure programmes could not keep pace, causing shortage in the housing program (Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, 2011). Since property cooling measures were introduced by the government in year 2010, properties firms claimed that the number of deals closed have dropped by 30% compared to a year ago (PropertyWire, 2011). One of the new measures is th at home owners being required to sell off their flats first before qualifying to the higher bank loan of 80% of next purchasing flat’s value.Most sellers prefer buy first, then sell (Eugene Lim, 2011), causing them to disqualify from the higher loan and only facing with the maximum 60% loan from the banks. Now they have to produce 40% of purchasing flat value from their own cash. With such conditions, sellers are commanding higher cash premiums or cash over valuation (COV) resulting in more expensive or inflated resale flats. On the other hand, people who turn away from resale flats, with factor from the supplies of new flats that are slow in completion, are looking into rental accommodation.The other new cooling measurement the government has introduced is the Minimum Occupation Period (MOP). It is defined that flats can be only being rented out after five years, increased from the previous one to three years period. As more Singaporeans and other people in Singapore are loo king for completed dwellings, the inflation in accommodation is caused by high demand and low supply. Recommendation [pic] Supply and Demand Graph Source: Irena Asmundson, 2010. Demand and supply curves are charted as shown above.As prices rises, suppliers are willing to produce more and consumers buying less (Irena Asmendson, 2010). In addition, the demand for accommodation is high and the supply is low, Singapore accommodation’s price has inflated. To solve this increasing demand and shortage of accommodation, Singapore government has been producing more HDB apartments. From the key statistic from the Housing and Development Board, there are 43,030 apartments under construction in the fiscal year of 2010/2011, a 20. 8% increased from the previous fiscal year.A huge increase of 68. 6% apartments completed from the previous year further reinstate the government’s effort to lower the shortage of accommodation, but the total bookings for new flats are 17,419, less than h alf the number of apartments under construction. This difference can be defined as a huge number of unsold or surplus apartments as HDB in the market. If this is to be true, the huge number of unsold apartment will lower the prices, causing suppliers to produce less and consumers buying more. ConclusionSingapore CPI inflation rate in December is hugely contributed from the factor of accommodation and private road transport. In conclusion, the increased COE premiums and accommodation shortage can the detailed explanation. The Singapore government has been doing readjustment in the property market and private road transport. With introduction of new cooling measures and building of more new apartments, the government can curb or lowered the accommodation inflation rate. Inclusion with the huge surplus of unsold apartment, the accommodation inflation rate can be lowered to with the demand and supply law.Word count: 932 References Michael Parkin, 2009. Economics. 10th edition. Pearson A ddison Wesley Department of Statistic Singapore (2012, January 25). Singapore Consumer Price Index December 2011. Department of Statistic Singapore. Retrieved from http://www. singstat. gov. sg/news/news/cpidec2011. pdf [Accessed 6 February 2012] Matthew Bishop (2004, April). Economics A-Z. The Economist. Retrieved from http://www. economist. com/economics-a-to-z/i#node-21529397 [Accessed 6 February 2012] Monetary Authority of Singapore (2011, December 8).Recent Economic Developments in Singapore. Monetary Authority of Singapore. Retrieved from http://www. mas. gov. sg/resource/eco_research/eco_dev_ana/Recent_Economic_Developments. pdf [Accessed 7 February 2012] Tony Ng (2011, October 19). COE premiums hit record hit. AsiaOne Motoring. Retrieved from http://www. asiaone. com/Motoring/News/Story/A1Story20111019-305931. html [Accessed 8 February 2012] Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (2011, August 14). National Day Rally 2011. Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore. Retrieved from ht tp://www. pmo. gov. g/content/pmosite/mediacentre/speechesninterviews/primeminister/2011/August/Prime_Minister_Lee_Hsien_Loongs_National_Day_Rally_2011_Speech_in_English. html [Accessed 8 February 2012] Property Wire (2011, October 10). PropertyWire, Asia. Shortage or resale flats driving up prices in Singapore. Retrieved from http://www. propertywire. com/news/asia/singapore-real-estate-shortage-201110105661. html [Accessed 8 February 2012] Irena Asmundson (2010, June). Finance and Development. Back to Basic: Supply and Demand. Retieved from http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2010/06/basics. htm [Accessed 9

Presidents Who Were Secretary of State

Presidents Who Were Secretary of State A political tradition which died out in the mid-19th century was the elevation of the secretary of state to the office of president. Six 19th century presidents had previously served as the nations top diplomat. The secretary of state position was considered such a launching pad to the presidency that men who sought the highest office were widely believed to have angled to be named secretary of state.   The perceived importance of the job is brought into sharper focus when you consider that several prominent, yet unsuccessful, presidential candidates of the 19th century had also held the position. Yet the last president to have been secretary of state was James Buchanan, the ineffective president who served four years in the late 1850s as the country was coming apart over the issue of slavery.   The candidacy of Hillary Clinton in the presidential election of 2016 was noteworthy in this historical context as she would have been the first secretary of state to become president since Buchanans election 160 years earlier.   The office of secretary of state is still a very important cabinet post, of course. So its interesting that in the modern era we have not seen any secretaries of state go on to become president. In fact, cabinet positions in general have ceased to be pathways to the White House. The last president who had served in the cabinet was Herbert Hoover. He was serving as Calvin Coolidges secretary of commerce when he became the Republican nominee and was elected in 1928. Here are the presidents who served as secretary of state, as well as some prominent candidates for president who also held the position: The Presidents: Thomas Jefferson The nations first secretary of state, Jefferson held the position in the cabinet of George Washington from 1790 to 1793. Jefferson was already a revered figure for having written the Declaration of Independence and for having served as a diplomat in Paris. So its conceivable that Jefferson serving as secretary of state in the nations early years helped establish the position as the foremost post in the cabinet. James Madison Madison served as secretary of state during Jeffersons two terms in office, from 1801 to 1809. During Jeffersons administration the young nation had its fair share of international problems, including battles with the Barbary Pirates and increasing problems with the British interfering with American shipping on the high seas. Madison declared war on Britain while serving as president, a decision that was highly controversial. The resulting conflict, the War of 1812, had been rooted in Madisons time as secretary of state. James Monroe Monroe was secretary of state in Madisons administration, from 1811 to 1817. Having served during the War of 1812, Monroe was perhaps wary of further conflict. And his administration was known for making deals, such as the Adams-Onis Treaty. John Quincy Adams Adams was Monroes secretary of state from 1817 to 1825. It was actually John Adams who deserves credit for one of Americas greatest foreign policy pronouncements, the Monroe Doctrine. Though the message about involvement in the hemisphere was delivered in Monroes annual message (the predecessor of the State of the Union Address), it was Adams who had advocated for it and drafted it. Martin Van Buren Van Buren served two years as Andrew Jacksons secretary of state, from 1829 to 1831. After being secretary of state for part of Jacksons first term, he was nominated by Jackson to be the countrys ambassador to Great Britain. His appointment was voted down by the U.S. Senate, after Van Buren had already arrived in England. The senators who thwarted Van Buren as an ambassador may have done him a favor, as it made him sympathetic to the public and probably helped when he ran as president to succeed Jackson in 1836. James Buchanan Buchanan was secretary of state in the administration of James K. Polk, from 1845 to 1849. Buchanan served during an administration which was fixated on expanding the nation. Sadly, the experience did him no good a decade later, when the major problem faced by the country was the splitting of the nation over the issue of slavery. The Unsuccessful Candidates: Henry Clay Clay served as secretary of state for President Martin Van Buren from 1825 to 1829. He ran for president several times. Daniel Webster Webster served as secretary of state for William Henry Harrison and John Tyler, from 1841 to 1843. He later served as secretary of state for Millard Fillmore, from 1850 to 1852. John C. Calhoun Calhoun served as John Tylers secretary of state for one year, from 1844 to 1845.

Chemical Bond essays

Chemical Bond essays Chemical bonds form when two atoms exchange or share one or more electrons. These bonds hold the atoms together to form compounds. There are two general types of bonds- ionic and covalent bonds. Covalent bonds form when two atoms share a pair of electrons. Neither atom completely loses or gains the electrons. The electron orbit both nuclei to some extent, but the electrons spend most of the time in the space between the bonded nuclei. There are two types of covalent bond. The first one is a nonpolar covalent bond, which the molecules are symmetrical and have equal electron sharing. Nonpolar covalent bond repel from one another, and they have lower melting and boiling points. They are often smelly (aeromatic) and slippery, and dont dissolve in water (hydrophobic). However, polar covalent bond has opposite characteristics. Polar covalent bonds have unequal electron sharing. In polar covalent bond, molecules are lop-sided creating dipoles or +/-. The attractive forces (van d er waals forces) between molecules stabilize, and raise boiling and melting point. It dissolves in water (hydrophilic) and there are very high attractive forces called hydrogen bonding. Ionic bond is another type of chemical bonds. Ionic bonds form when electrons are completely removed from one atom and are completely gained by the second atom. The electrons are exchanged, and this is accompanied by the formation of two ions of opposite charge (cations and anions). The opposite charges will attract each other, and this attraction is what forms the chemical bond. These disassociate into ions as liquids or in solution. Some examples are, electric eels/rays, and nervous systems. ...

Business Project Managing And Assignments Management Essay

Business Project Managing And Assignments Management Essay Introduction Before one can tackle the question at hand, i.e. the decisions that a project manager has to make in order to create a cohesive and productive environment for his project team, one must first be familiar with the basics of project management. Project management is a wide area which has gained relatively greater importance in the last three decades. Managers began to realize that project management techniques and abilities were central to the success or failure of projects and thus a great deal of research and literature was published on the factors that affect and influence project management techniques (Maylor, 2005). Needless to say, project management is an area of study that requires a great deal of study because of the number of variables associated with it. This paper will thus start off by giving a brief overview of project management in a bid to first establish that the environment in which the project team feels motivated can in fact determine the success or fa ilure of a project and then move on to critically analyze different ways in which a project manager can improve this environment per se. Business Project Management (1)Various texts have defined a project differently, one could informally see a project as a bid to accomplish a given objective through a set of interlinked tasks using a given amount of resources. It could be something as simple as planning a wedding or a more complex task like building a new house. More formally, a project can be defined as, â€Å"A complex, non-routine, one-time effort limited by time, budget, resources, and performance specifications designed to meet customer needs (Allan 2004, p.12).† From this formal definition we can deduce some main attributes of projects such as the fact that a project has an established objective, a defined life span, has specific time, cost and performance requirements and requires across-the-organization participation. The main attributes of a project are not only ess ential for planning and implementing the project but ultimately, the success or failure of a project is judged on how well it has adhered to these essential attributes. Basically one has to see how well a project meets customer requirements and whether it has been able to do it within the time, cost and performance requirements that had been initially established. As mentioned earlier, projects can comprise large complex assignments or small tasks spanning only a few days. For practical purposes, one must also be familiar with the prevailing types of organizational structures in order to better understand the various ways in which impending projects are tackled by various organizations. The first kind can be labeled as the functional organizational structure. Different segments of the project are delegated to respective functional units of the organization and coordination is maintained through normal communication channels. Such a structure allows for flexibility, in-depth expertis e and easy post-project transition for team members. At the same time however, there is poor integration, a lack of focus and more importantly a lack of ownership for the success or failure of particular tasks. Then there is the dedicated project team structure. It is normally implemented by projectized organizations that are mainly dependent on one time projects to conduct the bulk of their business. In this system, each task or assignment is treated as a distinct project and a group of employees is put into a project team and handed the sole responsibility of completing that particular project (Burke 2003, p.89). The system is fast, simple, cohesive and allows for cross-functional integration from different departments. On the downside, it proves expensive, leads to internal strife between team members and there arises a problem of post-project transition for the employees. Thirdly, there is the matrix structure. It’s a hybrid organizational structure and seeks to combine t he best attributes of the two structures formerly discussed. Basically, there are two chains of command and project participants report simultaneously to both functional and project managers. The matrix structure achieves a greater integration of expertise and project requirements. There are three sub-types of the matrix organizational structure. In the weak-form matrix, the authority of the functional manager predominates and the project manager only has indirect authority. In the balanced form matrix, the project manager sets the overall plan and the functional manager determines how work is to be done.

Remote sensing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Remote sensing - Essay Example 239) have defined the remote sensing as a field of science or art that makes use of energy reflected from the Earth that is later processed, evaluated and applied in order to assist one in retrieving information regarding the surface of Earth without physically having to be on it. Sun is the fundamental source of energy for all the creatures on earth. Sun rays falling on earth are partly reflected which are captured by the satellites for generating information. The first condition without which, the process of remote sensing can not take place, is the provision of electromagnetic energy as waves to a specific place or to a study area. Although there are many electromagnetic energy sources, yet the sun is fundamentally the best source of energy. Basically, the energy travels from a source to a target through a medium or vacuum. When it comes to the earth, the energy interacts with the atmosphere, and this interaction gets repeated when the energy is reflected from the study area to the sensor. After the electromagnetic waves have passed the atmosphere from some source, they interact with the study area. This interaction depends on the characteristics of the study area and also on the electromagnetic radiation sent to it. After the electromagnetic waves interact with the study area, part of them is absorbed and the rest is reflected back to the space. Recording and collecting the reflected electromagnetic waves requires a special type of sensor which is familiar with the reflective waves. The last step of this operation is to understand, disclose and apply the information that has been retrieved from the study area. The problem can be solved by conducting its comparison with the real information. In 1864, the British physicist Clark Maxell predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves and supposed that the magnetic and electric fields work together to produce radiant energy. In addition to that, he described the visible light to be composed of